Iran Petroleum

  Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash) In this article, we will discuss the nature of sodium carbonate , and its characteristics. It is also intended to provide the readers with efficient information on various types of it, their unique features, and applications. Moreover, it provides an explanation about Iran’s sodium carbonate production , and its privileges. What is sodium carbonate? Sodium carbonate , also known as soda ash , is a water-soluble white solid compound with the chemical formula Na2CO3 . It is an odorless basic salt that has various applications across different industries. It is a white powder with a melting point of 851°C and a density of 2.54 g/cm³. The material is highly soluble in water, forming an alkaline solution that has a pH of around 11. Soda ash is classified as a basic salt due to its alkaline nature and can react with acids to form carbon dioxide gas. It is also an electrolyte that can conduct electricity when dissolved in water. This is due to the presence o...

  Heavy Alkylate Benzene (HAB) In this article, we will discuss the nature of Heavy Alkylate Benzene , and its characteristics. It is also intended to provide the readers with efficient information on various types of it, their unique features, and applications. Furthermore, it provides an explanation about Iran’s HAB production . Heavy Alkylate Benzene, and its characteristics Heavy alkylate benzene is a type of benzene that is manufactured through the alkylation of benzene with high molecular weight olefins. This process yields a product with a significant degree of branching, enhancing its resistance to thermal and oxidative degradation. It has some critical characteristics. The production of heavy alkylate benzene involves the use of exceptionally pure olefins. This process results in a product that is characterized by its high level of purity and free from impurities. The purity of the heavy alkylate benzene is essential in ensuring that it meets the required standards for...

  Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) In this article, we will discuss the nature of Linear Alkyl Benzene , and its specific features. It is also intended to provide the readers with efficient information on various types of Linear Alkyl Benzene , their unique characteristics, and applications. Moreover, it provides a brief explanation about Iran’s LAB production. What is Linear Alkyl Benzene? Linear alkyl benzene (LAB) is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that emits a strong, characteristic odor. It is composed of a complex mixture of predominantly linear and mono-alkylated isomers of alkyl benzenes . Linear alkyl benzene is a crucial organic compound extensively utilized in the production of biodegradable detergents. It belongs to the family of alkyl benzenes that are derived from linear olefins, obtained from crude oil or natural gas . The process of producing LAB involves the reaction of linear olefins with benzene , using a catalyst such as hydrofluoric acid or aluminum chloride...

Caustic Soda - Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a highly caustic and corrosive compound that is commonly known as caustic soda or lye . The name “ caustic soda ” comes from its ability to corrode or burn organic materials upon contact due to its strong alkaline properties. NaOH is a type of sodium hydrate, meaning that it contains water molecules within its crystal structure. What is caustic soda? In its pure form, caustic soda appears as a waxy, white solid that readily absorbs moisture from the air and dissolves in water to form an aqueous solution. Overall, sodium hydroxide has a wide range of industrial applications, including in the production of paper, textiles, soaps, and detergents. It is also used in the manufacturing of various chemicals, such as plastics and pharmaceuticals. However, due to its highly corrosive nature, sodium hydroxide must be handled with care and caution to prevent injury or damage. What are the applications of sodium hydroxide? Sod...

  Epoxy adhesives Epoxy adhesive is considered one of the most significant adhesives in history, since the beginning of adhesive use. Epoxy adhesives are composed of epoxy resin , which exhibits various properties and characteristics depending on the resin grade and fillers added, such as metals and ceramics. These adhesives have been utilized in the industry for over half a century, offering excellent chemical and physical properties. Typically, they are produced in two components: resin and hardener . What is a epoxy adhesive and its applications? Epoxy adhesives are known for their strong bonding capabilities and resistance to chemicals, heat, and water. They are used in a wide range of applications, including construction, automotive, aerospace, marine, and electronics industries. Epoxy adhesives can be used to bond various materials like metals, plastics, wood, and ceramics. One of the primary advantages of epoxy adhesives is their ability to form a strong bond even und...

  Types of bitumen & applications - Buying bitumen Bitumen is a dark brown or black, non-crystalline and highly viscous substance with adhesive and waterproof properties. It is soluble in organic solutions such as toluene and carbon disulfide. This substance is mainly composed of hydrocarbons , which typically contain around 80% carbon and 15% hydrogen. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and other compounds that gives it unique physical and chemical properties. What are the features? It is a highly strong and resilient adhesive substance, capable of binding an extensive range of materials, even when their properties do not match. The durability of this adhesive is critical for significant engineering projects, including the construction of roads and waterways that require a lifespan of 20 years or more. It is insoluble in water and can act as an effective waterproofing insulator. It also resists most acids, alkalis and salts and does not contaminate water, so it can be u...